Prashant Kumar
Chemistry
December 2021
Using readily available public data sets and our novel tool Metal-MACiE, we dissected the roles and distribution of metal ions in enzymatic catalysis. 116 passages encompassing 21% of the metal-subordinate catalysts and 70% of the different types of chemical transformations catalysed by proteins are annotated according to metal function in Metal-MACiE, a data set of metal-based reaction components. The roles played by metals in natural catalysis and the overall frequencies of different metals in different occupations, which might be related to their unique compound characteristics and accessibility in the environment, were surveyed using Metal-MACiE. The overall picture that emerges from the design of Metal-MACiE is that redox-dynamic metal ions can be used as both Lewis' acids and redox focuses, while redox-dormant metal ions are used in chemicals to balance out regrettable charges and activate substrates because of their Lewis corrosive properties. The two ions of the primary kind that are by far the most well-known are magnesium and zinc, with calcium being used to a lesser extent. However, unlike other metals that are consistently linked to the catalyst, magnesium is most typically bound to phosphate groups of substrates and only briefly interacts with the molecule. Iron is the most well-known metal of the next type, and it is followed in importance by manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, and nickel in the catalysis of redox reactions. Redox-dynamic metal ions' interaction with natural cofactors to form stable units may help regulate their reactivity. This occasionally occurs with regard to iron and nickel, and commonly with regard to cobalt and molybdenum.
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